Itchy Skin

Diaper Rash: Causes, Types, Symptoms and Treatments

Diaper rash is extremely common in newborns and babies, and there are different causes and symptoms. Main signs of diaper rash include redness, irritation and tenderness, as well as extra fussiness during diaper changes. With proper diaper rash treatment, you can keep your baby comfortable, control their diaper rash and help keep recurrences at bay.

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

Read on to learn more about this common issue in newborns and babies, and how to get rid of diaper rash.¹

Tips for preventing diaper rash

The best way to help prevent diaper rash is to keep your baby's sensitive skin clean and dry.

Rinse your baby’s bottom with warm water during each diaper change
Gently pat skin dry or allow to air-dry
Change diapers often
Use ointment as needed²

What is diaper rash and what causes it?

The main signs of diaper rash are redness, irritation and tenderness on the buttocks, thighs and in the genital area, as well as extra fussiness during diaper changes.¹

Diaper rash is often caused by prolonged exposure to wet, dirty diapers and infrequent diaper changes,¹ but it can also develop due to chafing or rubbing caused by tight diapers and irritation from new or existing skincare products. The warm, moist environment of skin covered with a diaper makes this area prone to bacterial and fungal infections as well.¹ Switching to a new brand of diapers, wipes, detergent and other laundry products used for washing cloth diapers can also result in diaper rash symptoms.

It's important to note that diaper rash can occur or recur despite a parent or caretaker’s best efforts, so just do your best and ask your doctor for help as needed.

Identifying different types of diaper rash

Many parents are unaware that there are several types of diaper rash with different root causes and symptoms. They include:

Irritant contact dermatitis: Caused by wet skin coming into contact with the diaper itself, this form of diaper rash appears as redness and swelling on the baby’s buttocks and along the diaper's borders.¹

Allergic contact dermatitis: A specific ingredient or chemical in a diaper, wipe, skincare product or detergent can cause this type of diaper rash. The most common culprits are fragrances and preservatives, however other allergens can be to blame.¹

Diaper candidiasis:³ This overgrowth of yeast is primarily due to the warm, moist diaper environment. Most commonly seen in the creases along the legs and around the testicles and vulva, this type of diaper rash can also result in large bumps, blisters and pimple-like lesions.¹

Bacterial infections: Bacterial infections like staph and strep may lead to this less common form of diaper rash, and it requires treatment with antibiotic creams or ointments. If you suspect your baby may have this type of diaper rash, it’s best to see a pediatrician or dermatologist.⁴

Diaper rash treatment

Once diaper rash symptoms are visible, there are several steps that you can take to soothe their skin and promote healing. A diaper rash ointment is an effective way to protect skin from further irritation due to wetness and create a barrier against moisture.¹ Frequent diaper changes, washing baby’s diaper area with each change and allowing skin to air-dry (when possible) can help.¹

If your baby's diaper rash doesn’t improve after a few days of at-home treatment, a visit to the pediatrician may be in order. They may recommend a mild hydrocortisone cream, anti-fungal cream or oral/topical antibiotic depending on the type of diaper rash.¹ Keep an eye out for unusual or especially severe symptoms that continue to worsen, especially bleeding or oozing. It’s also important to see a doctor if there is obvious pain associated with urinating or bowel movements, and if diaper rash symptoms are accompanied by a fever.